Abstract

P. G. Chithra¹ and Nisha J. Tharayil²

The conventional acid catalysts, although quite effective, are also highly corrosive, hazardous and polluting. Therefore, they need to be replaced by solid acids which are less toxic, easy to handle, easily separable from the products and finally reusable. Various solid acid catalysts like zeolites¹, sulphated zirconia², clay minerals³ are being explored for industrially important reactions. Industrial interest first turned to inorganic zeolites whose catalytic activity usually depends on the presence of a metal such as manganese, iron, chromium and vanadium. Catalytic synthesis can be achieved by using either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts.

Bronsted acidity; tin phosphate; catalytic synthesis

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