Abstract

Awad Abdalla Momen^1,2*

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/390314

Trace elements (TEs) are the chemical components that naturally occur in very minute quantities. They are very important and vital for good development and optimal metabolic functioning of human organisms. According to WHO classification there are about twenty known TEs. These elements are categorized in three main groups, essential, non-essential and toxic TEs. This review provides some detailed information's and important criteria needed to assess TEs levels in different human biological samples (HBSs) using the most used spectroscopic techniques (STs). Also, this review covers some of the fundamental and basic principles underlying the most important STs that have been used for TEs assessment in HBSs over the last 22 years. Furthermore, this review also focuses on the instrumentations and operating conditions of STs that based on electromagnetic radiation (ER) in UV/Visible region for the transition of bounding electrons. These techniques include absorption, emission, and luminescence (photoluminescence and chemiluminescence).

AAS; AES; AFS; HBSs; STs; TEs;

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