Abstract

Priya SA^1* and Nevaditha NT²

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a compostable and eco-friendly polymer ideal for environmentally conscious applications. Enhancements with crosslinkers and fiber reinforcement improve its properties, making PLA suitable for innovative packaging, biomedical, and sustainable materials. This study aims to enhance PLA’s performance by incorporating cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from screw pine leaves using chemico-mechanical method. The nanocomposites were fabricated by blending 1wt% and 2wt% CNFs into PLA using the solution casting approach. FTIR analysis of the PLA nanocomposites show a peak at 1254 cm⁻¹, confirming C–O stretching vibrations of CNFs in the polymer matrix, while a stronger broad peak at 3418 cm⁻¹ indicates enhanced hydrogen bonding and improved compatibility. Thermal analysis shows that adding 2 wt% CNFs to PLA increases the decomposition temperature by 6^oC, indicating enhanced thermal stability. SEM confirms even CNF distribution in the PLA matrix, suggesting effective dispersibility and strong interfacial interactions. Additionally, increasing the CNF content significantly improved the antibacterial activity of the PLA nanocomposite films against E. coli and S. aureus. These findings suggest that PLA nanocomposites are promising for sustainable applications, particularly in packaging and healthcare, where biodegradability and antibacterial properties are essential.

Antibacterial properties; Nanocomposites; Polylactic acid; screw pine fibers; Thermal

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