Abstract

Awadhesh Kumar^1,3, Akash Ved², Irfan Aziz¹ , Syed Misbahul Hasan¹, Pushpendra Soni¹and Shom Prakash Kushwaha^1*

Qurs-E-Ziabetus Sada, a renowned traditional Unani formulation, has been extensively used for managing diabetes mellitus. This paper delves into the chemical diversity of its bioactive constituents and explores their potential roles in modulating key signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and MAPK, which are pivotal in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The formulation's hypoglycemic effects are attributed to the synergistic action of its herbal and mineral components. However, the absence of comprehensive chemical profiling and biological validation limits its integration into evidence-based medicine. This study underscores the necessity of rigorous analytical validation, employing advanced techniques and well-designed trials to confirm the formulation's chemical complexity and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the paper advocates for standardization protocols to ensure the safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of Unani formulations, highlighting their potential for global acceptance and integration into modern healthcare systems.

Chemical diversity; Diabetes mellitus; herbal formulation; Hyphenateted mass spectrometry; Iron oxide; Qurs-E-Ziabetus Sada; Thymoquinone; Unani

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