Abstract

Mansi Chaudhary¹, Leela Chaudhary¹, Nidhi Patel¹, Himani Moga¹, Kokila A. Parmar²and Chirag Makvana¹

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) encapsulated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained significant attention in biomedical research due to their unique physicochemical and therapeutic properties. This study outlines an eco-friendly approach for synthesizing PVP-AuNPs using Gymnema sylvestre extract as a natural reducing agent. By optimizing the extract to HAuCl₄ ratio, effective synthesis was achieved at a 3.0% extract concentration producing spherical AuNPs with an average size of 33 nm as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis validated the successful encapsulation of AuNPs with PVP revealing characteristic peaks corresponding to PVP and functional groups from the plant extract. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the crystalline nature of the synthesized AuNPs. The PVP-AuNPs exhibited cytotoxic activity against HeLa cancer cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 32.42 μg/mL after 48 hours. Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated significant bactericidal activity against pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, showing concentration-dependent antimicrobial effects. This work underscores the potential of green-synthesized PVP-AuNPs as a versatile platform for cancer therapy and antimicrobial applications providing a sustainable pathway to advancements in nanomedicine.

Anticancer; Antimicrobial; Gold Nanoparticles; Green Synthesis

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